1. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 25-060 // 2025

    Do Energy-Saving Nudges Deliver During High-Price Periods? Field Experimental Evidence From the European Energy Crisis

    Urged by the European Energy Crisis and the threatening consequences of severe natural gas shortages, energy providers launched gas-saving initiatives incorporating financial incentives to reduce residential…

  2. ZEW Monthly // 2025

    11/2025 – Arbeitswelt

    Die Arbeitswelt befindet sich im Wandel – wirtschaftliche Unsicherheiten, der Wunsch nach besserer Vereinbarkeit und veränderte Erwartungen an Arbeitgeber prägen den Alltag vieler Beschäftigter. Doch wie wirken…

  3. Discussion und Working Paper // 2025

    Pro-Productivity Policies in Germany: Same Tools, Different Paths

    This paper examines (the absence of effective) pro-productivity policies in Germany. Peculiarities such as the German reunification, the strong export orientation, the still sizeable manufacturing sector as well…

  4. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 25-063 // 2025

    Financial Socialization and the Gender Investment Gap

    Women are significantly less likely to participate in the stock market than men. We show that financial socialization plays an important role in explaining this gap. Survey data from Germany and the U.S.…

  5. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 25-059 // 2025

    Doubling Down Political Budget Cycles: The Role of State-Owned Enterprises

    We study the degree and nature of political budget cycles in public investments when two instruments are available: investments by core governments and, more indirectly, by state-owned enterprises (SOEs). While…

  6. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 25-062 // 2025

    Intangible Assets and Productivity at the Firm Level: R&D versus non-R&D Intangibles

    Intangible assets have increasingly been identified as a main source of productivity gains. Since the pioneering work by Corrado, Hulten, and Sichel (2005), empirical research has largely focused on macro and…

  7. ZEW Discussion Paper Nr. 25-061 // 2025

    Firms’ Disclosure of University Ties on Their Website: An Explorative Analysis of Ist Role for Innovation Performance

    This paper explores a novel web-based indicator to examine how firms’ disclosure of university ties on their websites shapes their innovation performance. First, using data from the German Community Innovation…