Dirk Czarnitzki studied economics at the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany, from 1993 to 1998 (majors in industrial economics and econometrics). In 1998 he joined the ZEW as a researcher. He obtained the Dr. rer. pol. from the University of Duisburg-Essen in 2004. During the year 2004 he was Visiting Scholar at the University of California, Berkeley. Since January 2005 Dirk Czarnitzki is Associate Professor at the Department of Applied Economics at KU Leuven, Belgium, and he is also a senior researcher at the Steunpunt O&O Statistieken at KUL as well as a research associate at ZEW. His research interests cover the fields of the economics of innovation and focus on applied microeconometrics. The lines of research address topics such as the evaluation of public innovation policies, corporate governance and innovation, the valuation of intellectual assets, as well as knowledge and technology transfer.
Selected Publications
Articles in Refereed Journals
Rammer, Christian, Dirk Czarnitzki and Gastón P. Fernández (2022), Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Innovation: Evidence from German Firm-Level Data, Research Policy 51, 104555. Download
Biancalani, Francesco, Dirk Czarnitzki and Massimo Riccaboni (2021), The Italian Startup Act: A Microeconometric Program Evaluation, Small Business Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Paul Hünermund and Nima Moshgbar (2020), Public Procurement of Innovation: Evidence from a German Legislative Reform, International Journal of Industrial Organization 71, 102620. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Bart Leten (2020), How Valuable are Patent Blocking Strategies? , Review of Industrial Organization 56(3), 409-434. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kristof van Criekingen (2019), New Evidence on Determinants of IP Litigation: A Market-based Approach, International Journal of the Economics of Business 26 (1), 93-115 . Download
Crass, Dirk, Dirk Czarnitzki and Andrew Toole (2019), The Dynamic Relationship between Investments in Brand Equity and Firm Profitability: Evidence using Trademark Registrations, International Journal of the Economics of Business 26(1), 157-176. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Paul Hünermund (2019), Estimating the Causal Effect of R&D Subsidies in a Pan-European Program, Research Policy 48(1), 115-124. Download
Cappelli, Riccardo , Dirk Czarnitzki, Thorsten Doherr and Fabio Montobbio (2019), Inventor Mobility and Productivity in Italian Regions, Regional Studies 53 (1), 43-54. Download
Hussinger, Katrin, Johannes Dick and Dirk Czarnitzki (2018), Ownership Concentration and Innovativeness of Corporate Ventures, Research Policy 47(2), 527-541.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Katrin Hussinger (2018), Input and Output Additionality of R&D Subsidies, Applied Economics 50 (12), 1324-1341. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Hanna Hottenrott (2017), Inter-Organizational Collaboration and Financing Constraints for R&D, Economics Letters 161, 15-18.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Julie Delanote (2016), Incorporating Innovation Subsidies in the CDM Framework: Empirical Evidence from Belgium, Economics of Innovation and New Technology.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Thorsten Doherr, Katrin Hussinger, Paula Schliessler and Andrew Toole (2016), Knowledge Creates Markets: The Influence of Entrepreneurial Support and Patent Rights on Academic Entrepreneurship, European Economic Review 86, 131-146.
Hottenrott, Hanna, Bronwyn H. Hall and Dirk Czarnitzki (2016), Patents as Quality Signals? The Implications for Financing Constraints on R&D, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 25(3), 197–217.
Balsmeier, Benjamin and Dirk Czarnitzki (2015), Ownership Concentration, Institutional Development and Firm Performance in Central and Eastern Europe, Managerial and Decision Economics.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Julie Delanote (2015), R&D Policies for Young SMEs: Input and Output Effects, Small Business Economics 45(3), 465-485.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Christoph Grimpe and Maikel Pellens (2015), Access to research inputs: open science versus the entrepreneurial university, Journal of Technology Transfer 40, 1050-1063. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cédric Schneider (2015), R&D Collaboration with Uncertain Intellectual Property Rights, Review of Industrial Organization 46(2), 183-204.
Toole, Andrew, Dirk Czarnitzki and Christian Rammer (2015), University Research Alliances, Absorptive Capacity, and the Contribution of Startups to Employment Growth, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 24(5), 532-549.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Christoph Grimpe and Andrew Toole (2015), Delay and Secrecy: Does Industry Sponsorship Jeopardize Disclosure of Academic Research?, Industrial and Corporate Change 24 , 251-279 .
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Cindy Lopes-Bento (2014), Innovation Subsidies: Does the Funding Source Matter for Innovation Intensity and Performance? Empirical Evidence from Germany, Industry and Innovation 21(5), 380-409.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Christian Rammer and Andrew Toole (2014), University Spinoffs and the “Performance Premium”, Small Business Economics 43(2), 309-332.
Cappelli, Riccardo, Dirk Czarnitzki and Kornelius Kraft (2014), Sources of Spillovers for Imitation and Innovation , Research Policy 43(1), 115-120.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Federico Etro and Kornelius Kraft (2014), Endogenous Market Structures and Innovation by Leaders: an Empirical Test, Economica 81(321), 117-139.
Andries, Petra and Dirk Czarnitzki (2014), Small Firm Innovation Performance and Employee Involvement, Small Business Economics Volume 43(1), 21-38. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Julie Delanote (2013), Young Innovative Companies: the new high—growth firms? , Industrial and Corporate Change 22(5), 1315-1340.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2013), The R&D Investment-Uncertainty Relationship: Do Strategic Rivalry and Firm Size Matter?, Managerial and Decision Economics 34(1), 15-28.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Cindy Lopes-Bento (2013), Value for Money? New microeconometric evidence on public R&D grants in Flanders, Research Policy 42, 76-89.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Susanne Thorwarth (2012), Productivity Effects of Basic Research in Low-Tech and High-Tech Industries, Research Policy 41, 1555-1564.
Köhler, Mila, Dirk Czarnitzki and Kornelius Kraft (2012), Managerial Ownership, Entrenchment and Innovation , Economics of Innovation and New Technology 21(7), 679-699.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Cindy Lopes-Bento (2012), Evaluation of Public R&D Policies: A Cross-Country Comparison, World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 9 (2/3/4), 254-282.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cédric Schneider (2012), The Nexus Between Science and Industry: Evidence From Faculty Inventions, Journal of Technology Transfer 37(5), 755-776.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2012), Spillovers of Innovation Activities and Their Profitability, Oxford Economic Papers 64, 302-322.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Susanne Thorwarth (2012), The contribution of in-house and external design activities on product market performance, Journal of Product Innovation Management 29(5), 878-895.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cédric Schneider (2011), Wacky Patents Meet Economic Indicators, Economics Letters 113, 131-134.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cédric Schneider (2011), Commercializing Academic Research: The Quality of Faculty Patenting, Industrial and Corporate Change, Industrial and Corporate Change 20(5), 1403-1437.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Petr Hanel and Julio Miguel Rosa (2011), Evaluating the Impact of R&D Tax Credits on Innovation: A Microeconometric Study on Canadian Firms, Research Policy 40, 217-229.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Hanna Hottenrott and Susanne Thorwarth (2011), Industrial Research versus Development Investment: The Implications of Financial Constraints, Cambridge Journal of Economics Volume 35 Issue 3, 527-544.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Hanna Hottenrott (2011), Financial Constraints: Routine versus Cutting Edge R&D Investment, Journal of Economics and Management Strategy 20(1), 121-157.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2011), Patent Protection, Market Uncertainty, and R&D Investment, Review of Economics and Statistics 93(1), 147-159.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Hanna Hottenrott (2011), R&D Investment and Financing Constraints of Small and Medium-Sized Firms, Small Business Economics 36(1), 65-83.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Hanna Hottenrott (2010), Financing Constraints for Industrial Innovation: What do we know?, Review of Business and Economics 55(3), 346-362.
Toole, Andrew and Dirk Czarnitzki (2010), Commercializing Science: Is there a university 'brain drain' from academic entrepreneurship?, Management Science 56, 1599-1614.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2010), Which firms buy licenses? Market positions and license expenditures, Scandinavian Journal of Economics 112 (3), 471-488.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2010), Is there a trade-off between academic research and faculty entrepreneurship? Evidence from U.S. NIH supported biomedical researchers, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 19(5/6), 505-520.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2010), On the Profitability of Innovative Assets, Applied Economics 42(15), 1941-1953.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Kornelius Kraft and Susanne Thorwarth (2009), The Knowledge Production of 'R' and 'D', Economics Letters 105, 141-143.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cédric Schneider (2009), Why Challenge the Ivory Tower? New Evidence on the Basicness of Academic Patents, Kyklos 62(4), 488-499.
Rammer, Christian, Dirk Czarnitzki and Alfred Spielkamp (2009), Innovation Success of Non-R&D-Performers: Substituting Technology by Management in SMEs, Small Business Economics 33, 35-58.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Wolfgang Glänzel and Katrin Hussinger (2009), Heterogeneity of Patenting Activity and Its Implications for Scientific Research, Research Policy 38, 26-34.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2009), Capital Control, Debt Financing and Innovative Activity, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 71, 372-383.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Hanna Hottenrott (2009), Are local milieus the key to innovation performance?, Journal of Regional Science 49 (1), 81-112.
Toole, Andrew and Dirk Czarnitzki (2009), Exploring the Relationship Between Scientist Human Capital and Firm Performance: The Case of Biomedical Academic Entrepreneurs in the SBIR Program, Management Science 55(1), 101-114.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2008), Mitarbeiteranreizsysteme und Innovationserfolg, Zeitschrift für Arbeitsmarktforschung 41 (2/3), 245-258.
Toole, Andrew and Dirk Czarnitzki (2007), Biomedical Academic Entrepreneurship Through the SBIR Program, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 63, 716-738.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Bernd Ebersberger and Andreas Fier (2007), The Relationship between R&D Collaboration, Subsidies and R&D performance: Empirical Evidence from Finland and Germany, Journal of Applied Econometrics 22(7), 1347-1366.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2007), Business R&D and the interplay of R&D subsidies and product market uncertainty, Review of Industrial Organization 31(3), 169-181.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2007), Are Credit Ratings Valuable Information?, Applied Financial Economics 17(13), 1061-1070.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, W. Glänzel and Katrin Hussinger (2007), Patent and Publication Activities of German Professors: An Empirical Assessment of Their Co-Activity, Research Evaluation 16(4), 311-319.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Niall O'Byrnes (2007), R&D, innovation and the impact on productivity in Flanders, Tijdschrift voor Economie en Management 52 (2), 199-216.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2006), R&D and Firm Performance in a Transition Economy, Kyklos vol. 59, 481-496.
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2006), Research and Development in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: the Role of Financial Constraints and Public Funding, Scottish Journal of Political Economy 53(3), 335-257.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Georg Licht (2006), Additionality of Public R&D Grants in a Transition Economy: The Case of Eastern Germany, Economics of Transition 14(1), 101-131.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Georg Stadtmann (2005), The Disposition Effect - Empirical Evidence on Purchases of Investor Magazines, Applied Financial Economics Letters 1(1), 47-51.
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2005), Extent and Evolution of the Productivity Deficiency in Eastern Germany, Journal of Productivity Analysis 24(2), 209-229.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2004), Innovation indicators and corporate credit ratings: evidence from German firms, Economics Letters 82(3), 377-384.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2004), Management Control and Innovative Activity, Review of Industrial Organization 24(1), 1-24.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2004), An empirical test of the asymmetric models on innovative activity: who invests more into R&D, the incumbent or the challenger?, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 54(2), 153-173.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2004), Firm Leadership and Innovative Performance: Evidence from Seven EU Countries, Small Business Economics 22(5), 325-332.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2003), Unternehmensleitung und Innovationserfolg, Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 223(6), 641-658.
Almus, Matthias and Dirk Czarnitzki (2003), The Effects of Public R&D Subsidies on Firms' Innovation Activities: The Case of Eastern Germany, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 21(2), 226-236.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Christian Rammer (2003), Technology transfer via the Internet: A way to link public science and enterprises?, Journal of Technology Transfer 28(2), 131-147.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Alfred Spielkamp (2003), Business Services in Germany: Bridges for Innovation, The Service Industries Journal 23(2), 1-31.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andreas Fier (2002), Do Innovation Subsidies Crowd out Private Investment? Evidence from the German Service Sector, Konjunkturpolitik - Applied Economics Quarterly 48(1), 1-25.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Georg Stadtmann (2002), Uncertainty of Outcome Versus Reputation: Empirical Evidence for the First German Football Division, Empirical Economics 27, 101-112.
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2001), Die Auswirkungen der Forschungs- und Technologiepolitik auf die Innovationsaktivitäten ostdeutscher Unternehmen, Schmollers Jahrbuch - Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften (Journal of Applied Social Science Studies) 121(4), 539-560.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2000), Haftungsregeln und Innovation, Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 220(5), 513-526.
Articles in Non-Refereed Journals
Hünermund, Paul and Dirk Czarnitzki (2019), Innovation Policy and Causality, ifo DICE Report IV/2019, 3-5. Download
Cincera, Michele, Dirk Czarnitzki and Susanne Thorwarth (2011), Efficiency of public spending in support of R&D activities, Reflets et Perspective de la Vie Economique 50(1-2), 131-139.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Petr Hanel and Julio M. Rosa (2005), The Impact of R&D Tax Credits on Innovation: An Empirical Analysis Based on a Survey on Innovation in Canadian Manufacturing, Innovation Analysis Bulletin 7(2), 4-6.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Georg Licht, Christian Rammer and Alfred Spielkamp (2001), Rolle und Bedeutung von Intermediären im Wissens- und Technologietransfer, ifo Schnelldienst 4/2001, 40-49.
Monographs, Contributions to Edited Volumes
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Georg Licht (2021), Germany, in: A. Arundel, S. Athreye, and S. Wunsch-Vincent Cambridge, 182-225. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2011), Technologieakquisition und Marktstellung, in: H.J. Ramser und M. Stadler (eds.) Vol. Vol. 39, Mohr Siebeck , Tübingen, 27-42.
Aerts, Kris and Dirk Czarnitzki (2009), The returns to public research funding, in: Henri Delanghe, Luc Soete und Ugur Muldur Edward Elgar, Cheltenham Glos, in press.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2009), R&D investment under uncertainty: the role of R&D subsidies and patent policy, in: Dominique Foray EPFL Press, Cheltenham, 193-214.
Aerts, Kris, Dirk Czarnitzki and Andreas Fier (2007), Evaluación econométrica de la política pública de I+D: estado del arte, in: Instituto de Estudios Fiscales (Ed.) Madrid, 79-104.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Niall O'Byrnes (2007), The impact of R&D on productivity, in: FORFAS (Ed.) Dublin, 315-329.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Bronwyn H. Hall and Raffaele Oriani (2006), The Market Valuation of Knowledge Assets in US and European Firms, in: D. Bosworth and E. Webster Edward Elgar, Cheltenham Glos, 111-131.
Aerts, Kris and Dirk Czarnitzki (2006), The Impact of Public R&D–Funding in Flanders, IWT Study, Vol. No. 54, Brussels.
Aerts, Kris and Dirk Czarnitzki (2006), Benchmarking study: fair distribution of the financial resources for science and innovation, AWI Studies,, Brussels.
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2006), Research, development and innovation in Flanders 2004, IWT Study, Vol. No. 55, Brussels.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Georg Licht (2005), Die Rolle der Innovationsförderung im Aufholprozess Ostdeutschlands, in: D. Engel Veröffentlichung des Round Table Mittelstandes, Vol. 5 Berlin, 133-163.
Ragnitz, Joachim, Dirk Czarnitzki, Dirk Engel, Tobias Hagen, Georg Licht, Alexander Spermann, Alfred Spielkamp and andere (2003), Zweiter Fortschrittsbericht wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Institute über die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in Ostdeutschland, Sonderheft Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle Nr. 7/2003, Halle (Saale).
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2003), Zum Ausmaß und den Determinanten der Produktivitätslücke ostdeutscher Unternehmen, in: L. Bellmann und R. Hujer (Hrsg.) Beiträge zur Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Vol. 277 Nürnberg, 139-166.
Spielkamp, Alfred, Dirk Czarnitzki and Christian Rammer (2002), Ideenmotor Hochschule? Wege des Wissenstransfers und die Bedeutung von Spin-offs, in: R.G. Heinze und F. Schulte (Hrsg.) Westdeutscher Verlag, Wiesbaden, 79-100.
Bierhals, R., Dirk Czarnitzki, J. Edler, Georg Licht, Christian Rammer, M. Reinhard, H. Rottmann, H. Schmalholz, U. Schmoch and Alfred Spielkamp (2000), Wissens- und Technologietransfer in Deutschland, in: Schmoch, U., G. Licht und M. Reinhard (Hrsg.), Fraunhofer IRB Verlag .
Discussion and Working Papers
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Gastón P. Fernández and Christian Rammer (2022), Artificial Intelligence and Firm-Level Productivity, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 22-005, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Marek Giebel (2021), Financial Constraints for R&D and Innovation: New Evidence From a Survey Experiment, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 21-084, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kristof Van Criekingen (2021), Information Leakage, Imitation, and the Patent System, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 21-072, Mannheim. Download
Rammer, Christian, Dirk Czarnitzki and Gastón P. Fernández (2021), Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Innovation: Evidence From Firm-Level Data, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 21-036, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Wytse Joosten and Otto Toivanen (2021), International Student Exchange and Academic Performance, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 21-011, Mannheim. Download
Van Criekingen, Kristof, Mark Freel and Dirk Czarnitzki (2021), Open Innovation Deficiency: Evidence on Project Abandonment and Delay, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 21-006, Mannheim. Download
Biancalani, Francesco, Dirk Czarnitzki and Massimo Riccaboni (2020), The Italian Startup Act: A Microeconometric Program Evaluation, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 20-006, Mannheim, published in: Small Business Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kristof van Criekingen (2018), New Evidence on Determinants of IP Litigation: A Market-based Approach, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 18-018, Mannheim, published in: International Journal of the Economics of Business. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Paul Hünermund and Nima Moshgbar (2018), Public Procurement as Policy Instrument for Innovation, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 18-001, Mannheim, published in: International Journal of Industrial Organization. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Julie Delanote (2016), Incorporating Innovation Subsidies in the CDM Framework: Empirical Evidence from Belgium, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 16-045, Mannheim, published in: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. Download
Hünermund, Paul and Dirk Czarnitzki (2016), Estimating the Local Average Treatment Effect of R&D Subsidies in a Pan-European Program, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 16-039, Mannheim, published in: Research Policy. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Thorsten Doherr, Katrin Hussinger, Paula Schliessler and Andrew Toole (2016), Knowledge Creates Markets: The Influence of Entrepreneurial Support and Patent Rights on Academic Entrepreneurship, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 16-036, Mannheim, published in: European Economic Review. Download
Crass, Dirk, Dirk Czarnitzki and Andrew Toole (2016), The Dynamic Relationship Between Investments in Brand Equity and Firm Profitability: Evidence Using Trademark Registrations, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 16-004, Mannheim, published in: International Journal of the Economics of Business. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Julie Delanote (2015), R&D Policies for Young SMEs: Input and Output Effects, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 15-032, Mannheim, published in: Small Business Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Thorsten Doherr, Katrin Hussinger, Paula Schliessler and Andrew Toole (2015), Individual Versus Institutional Ownership of University-Discovered Inventions, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 15-007, Mannheim. Download
Toole, Andrew, Dirk Czarnitzki and Christian Rammer (2014), University Research Alliances, Absorptive Capacity, and the Contribution of Startups to Employment Growth, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 14-094, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Bronwyn H. Hall and Hanna Hottenrott (2014), Patents as Quality Signals? The Implications for Financing Constraints on R&D, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 14-023, Mannheim, published in: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Christoph Grimpe and Maikel Pellens (2014), Access to Research Inputs: Open Science Versus the Entrepreneurial University, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 14-018, Mannheim, published in: Journal of Technology Transfer. Download
Balsmeier, Benjamin and Dirk Czarnitzki (2014), How Important Is Industry-Specific Managerial Experience for Innovative Firm Performance?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 14-011, Mannheim. Download
Cappelli, Riccardo, Dirk Czarnitzki and Kornelius Kraft (2013), Sources of Spillovers for Imitation and Innovation, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 13-064, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Christian Rammer and Andrew Toole (2013), University Spinoffs and the , ZEW Discussion Paper No. 13-004, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Hanna Hottenrott (2012), Collaborative R&D as a Strategy to Attenuate Financing Constraints, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 12-049, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Cindy Lopes-Bento (2012), Value for Money? New Microeconometric Evidence on Public R&D Grants in Flanders, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 12-034, Mannheim, published in: Research Policy. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Julie Delanote (2012), Young Innovative Companies: The New High-Growth Firms?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 12-030, Mannheim, published in: Industrial and Corporate Change. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Susanne Thorwarth (2012), Productivity Effects of Basic Research in Low-Tech and High-Tech Industries, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 12-027, Mannheim, published in: Research Policy. Download
Andries, Petra and Dirk Czarnitzki (2012), Small Firm Innovation Performance and Employee Involvement, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 12-013, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Cindy Lopes-Bento (2011), Innovation Subsidies: Does the Funding Source Matter for Innovation Intensity and Performance? Empirical Evidence from Germany, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 11-053, Mannheim, published in: Industry and Innovation. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cédric Schneider (2011), Wacky Patents Meet Economic Indicators, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 11-044, Mannheim, published in: Economic Letters. Download
Köhler, Mila, Dirk Czarnitzki and Kornelius Kraft (2011), Managerial Ownership, Entrenchment and Innovation, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 11-026, Mannheim, published in: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Bart Leten (2011), The Market Value of Blocking Patent Citations, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 11-021, Mannheim, published in: Review of Industrial Organization. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cédric Schneider (2011), R&D Collaboration with Uncertain Intellectual Property Rights, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 11-010, Mannheim, published in: Review of Industrial Organization. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Christoph Grimpe and Andrew Toole (2011), Delay and Secrecy: Does Industry Sponsorship Jeopardize Disclosure of Academic Research?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 11-009, Mannheim, published in: Industrial and Corporate Change. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Hanna Hottenrott (2010), Financing constraints for industrial innovation: What do we know?, FBE Research Report (MSI 1004), K.U.Leuven. Download
Balsmeier, Benjamin and Dirk Czarnitzki (2010), Ownership Concentration, Institutional Development and Firm Performance in Central and Eastern Europe, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 10-096, Mannheim, published in: Managerial and Decision Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Bernd Ebersberger (2010), Do Direct R&D Subsidies Lead to the Monopolization of R&D in the Economy?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 10-078, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Cindy Lopes-Bento (2010), Evaluation of Public R&D Policies: A Cross-country Comparison, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 10-073, Mannheim, published in: World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Annelies Wastyn (2010), Competing internationally: On the Importance of R&D for Export Activity, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 10-071, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Johannes Dick and Katrin Hussinger (2010), The Contribution of Corporate Ventures to Radical Innovation, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 10-060, Mannheim, published in: Research Policy. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2009), The virtue of industry-science collaboration, EIB Papers, Volume 14, No1, 120-143. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Susanne Thorwarth (2009), The Design Paradox: The Contribution of In-house and External Design Activities on Product Market Performance, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 09-068, Mannheim, published in: Journal of Product Innovation Management. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Annelies Wastyn (2009), Does Professional Knowledge Management Improve Innovation Performance at the Firm Level?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 09-067, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Hanna Hottenrott and Susanne Thorwarth (2009), Industrial Research versus Development Investment: The Implications of Financial Constraints, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 09-049, Mannheim, published in: Cambridge Journal of Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cedric Schneider (2009), The Nexus Between Science and Industry: Evidence From Faculty Inventions, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 09-028, Mannheim, published in: Journal of Technology Transfer. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cedric Schneider (2009), Why Challenge the Ivory Tower? New Evidence on the Basicness of Academic Patents, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 09-029, Mannheim, published in: Kyklos. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2009), Is There a Trade-Off Between Academic Research and Faculty Entrepreneurship? Evidence from U.S. NIH Supported Biomedical Researchers, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 09-022, Mannheim, published in: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. Download
Rammer, Christian, Dirk Czarnitzki and Alfred Spielkamp (2008), Innovation Success of Non-R&D-Performers - Substituting Technology by Management in SMEs, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 08-092, Mannheim, published in: Small Business Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Federico Etro and Kornelius Kraft (2008), The Effect of Entry on R&D Investment of Leaders: Theory and Empirical Evidence, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 08-078, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Katrin Hussinger and Cédric Schneider (2008), Commercializing Academic Research: The Quality of Faculty Patenting, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 08-069, Mannheim, published in: Industrial and Corporate Change. Download
Hottenrott, Hanna and Dirk Czarnitzki (2008), R&D Investment and Financing Constraints of Small and Medium-Sized Firms, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 08-047, Mannheim, published in: Small Business Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Kornelius Kraft and Susanne Thorwarth (2008), The Knowledge Production of 'R' and 'D', ZEW Discussion Paper No. 08-046, Mannheim, published in: Economic Letters. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew A. Toole (2008), The R&D Investment-Uncertainty Relationship: Do Competition and Firm Size Matter?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 08-013, Mannheim, published in: Managerial and Decision Economics. Download
Hottenrott, Hanna and Dirk Czarnitzki (2008), Are Local Milieus the Key to Innovation Performance?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 08-008, Mannheim, published in: Journal of Regional Science. Download
Hottenrott, Hanna and Dirk Czarnitzki (2008), Financial Constraints: Routine Versus Cutting Edge R&D Investment, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 08-005, Mannheim, published in: Journal of Economics and Management Strategy. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2007), Mitarbeiteranreizsysteme und Innovationserfolg, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 07-075, Mannheim, published in: Zeitschrift für Arbeitsmarktforschung. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2007), Spillovers of Innovation Activities and Their Profitability, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 07-073, Mannheim, published in: Oxford Economic Papers. Download
Toole, Andrew and Dirk Czarnitzki (2007), Life Scientist Mobility from Academe to Industry: Does Academic Entrepreneurship Induce a Costly , ZEW Discussion Paper No. 07-072, Mannheim, published in: Management Science. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Wolfgang Glänzel and Katrin Hussinger (2007), Heterogeneity of Patenting Activity and Its Implications for Scientific Research, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 07-028, Mannheim, published in: Research Policy. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2007), Exploring the Relationship Between Scientist Human Capital and Firm Performance: The Case of Biomedical Academic Entrepreneurs in the SBIR Program, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 07-011, Mannheim, published in: Management Science. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2006), R&D and Firm Performance in a Transition Economy, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 06-033, Mannheim, published in: Kyklos. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Wolfgang Glänzel and Katrin Hussinger (2006), An Empirical Assessment of Co-Activity among German Professors, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 06-080, Mannheim, published in: Research Evaluation. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2006), Business R&D and the Interplay of R&D Subsidies and Market Uncertainty, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 06-055, Mannheim, published in: Review of Industrial Organization. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andrew Toole (2006), Patent Protection, Market Uncertainty, and R&D Investment , ZEW Discussion Paper No. 06-056, Mannheim, published in: Review of Economics and Statistics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2005), License Expenditures of Incumbents and Potential Entrants: An Empirical Analysis of Firm Behavior, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 05-35, Mannheim, published in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics. Download
Toole, Andrew and Dirk Czarnitzki (2005), Biomedical Academic Entrepreneurship Through the SBIR Program, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 05-47, Mannheim, published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Georg Licht (2005), Additionality of Public R&D Grants in a Transition Economy: The Case of Eastern Germany, Katholische Universiteit Leuven, Department of Applied Economics KU Leuven, Dept. of Applied Economics Paper No. OR 0528, Leuven.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Georg Licht (2004), Die Rolle der Innovationsförderung im Aufholprozess Ostdeutschlands, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-68, Mannheim, published in: D. Engel (Hrsg.), Mittelstandsfinanzierung, Basel II und die Wirkung öffentlicher und privater Kapitalhilfen, Veröffentlichung des Round Table Mittelstandes Bd. 5, Berlin. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2004), Are Credit Ratings Valuable Information?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-07, Mannheim, published in: Applied Financial Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Bernd Ebersberger and Andreas Fier (2004), The Relationship between R&D Collaboration, Subsidies and Patenting Activity: Empirical Evidence from Finland and Germany, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-37, Mannheim, published in: Journal of Applied Econometrics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2004), On the Profitability of Innovative Assets, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-38, Mannheim, published in: Applied Economics. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2004), Capital Control, Debt Financing and Innovative Activity, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-75, Mannheim, published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Petr Hanel and Julio Miguel Rosa (2004), Evaluating the Impact of R&D Tax Credits on Innovation: A Microeconometric Study on Canadian Firms, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-77, Mannheim, published in: Research Policy. Download
Aerts, Kris and Dirk Czarnitzki (2004), Using Innovation Survey Data to Evaluate R&D Policy: The Case of Belgium, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-55, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Katrin Hussinger (2004), The Link between R&D Subsidies, R&D Spending and Technological Performance, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 04-56, Mannheim, published in: Applied Economics. Download
Rammer, Christian and Dirk Czarnitzki (2003), Innovationen und Gründungen in Ostdeutschland, Studien zum deutschen Innovationssystem 15-03, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andreas Fier (2003), Publicly Funded R&D Collaborations and Patent Outcome in Germany, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 03-24, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2003), Extent and Evolution of the Productivity Gap in Eastern Germany, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 03-25, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Thorsten Doherr, Andreas Fier, Georg Licht and Christian Rammer (2003), Öffentliche Förderung der Innovationsaktivitäten von Unternehmen in Deutschland, Studien zum deutschen Innovationssystem, 17-03, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Thorsten Doherr (2002), Genetic Algorithms: A Tool for Optimization in Econometrics – Basic Concept and an Example for Empirical Applications, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 02-41, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andreas Fier (2002), Do Innovation Subsidies Crowd out Private Investment? - Evidence from the German Service Sector, Joanneum Research InTeReg Working Paper 2002, Nr. 03, Wien.
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2002), Measuring the Impact of Innovation on Firm Value: A New Approach, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 02-73, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2002), Research and Development: Financial Constraints and the Role of Public Funding for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 02-74, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andreas Fier (2002), Do Innovation Subsidies Crowd Out Private Investment? Evidence from the German Service Sector, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 02-04, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2001), Unternehmensleitung und Innovationserfolg, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 01-70, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2001), Firm Leadership and Innovative Performance: Evidence from Seven EU Countries, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 01-35, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Christian Rammer (2001), Technology Transfer and the Internet: A Chance for Outsiders at Public Science to get Into the Business ?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 01-54, Mannheim. Download
Almus, Matthias and Dirk Czarnitzki (2001), The Effects of Public R&D Subsidies on Firms' Innovation Activities: The Case of Eastern Germany, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 01-10, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Andreas Fier (2001), Do R&D Subsidies Matter? - Evidence for the German Service Sector, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 01-19, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk (2001), Die Auswirkungen der Forschungs- und Technologiepolitik auf die Innovationsaktivitäten ostdeutscher Unternehmen, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 01-05, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and G. Stadtmann (2000), The Behaviour of Noise Traders - Empirical Evidence on Purchases of Business Magazines, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 00-65, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and K. Kraft (2000), Management Control and Innovative Activity, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 00-68, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Thomas Eckert, Jürgen Egeln and Christina Elschner (2000), Internetangebote zum Wissens- und Technologietransfer in Deutschland - Bestandsaufnahme, Funktionalität und Alternativen, ZEW-Dokumentation No. 00-15, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Günther Ebling, Sandra Gottschalk, Norbert Janz and Hiltrud Niggemann (2000), Quellen für Innovationen im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe und Bergbau, in: Janz, N. (Hrsg.), Quellen für Innovationen: Analyse der ZEW-Innovationserhebungen 1999 im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe und im Dienstleistungssektor, ZEW Dokumentation Nr. 00-10,, Mannheim.
Blind, K., Dirk Czarnitzki, Günther Ebling, Sandra Gottschalk, Norbert Janz and Hiltrud Niggemann (2000), Quellen für Innovationen im Dienstleistungssektor, in: Janz, N. (Hrsg.), Quellen für Innovationen: Analyse der ZEW-Innovationserhebungen 1999 im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe und im Dienstleistungssektor, ZEW Dokumentation Nr. 00-10,, Mannheim.
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Christian Rammer and Alfred Spielkamp (2000), Interaktion zwischen Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft in Deutschland - Ergebnisse einer Umfrage bei Hochschulen und öffentlichen Forschungseinrichtungen, ZEW-Dokumentation No. 00-14, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Alfred Spielkamp (2000), Business Services in Germany: Bridges for Innovation, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 00-52, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2000), Haftungsregeln und Innovationen, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 00-38, Mannheim. Download
Spielkamp, A., H. Berteit, Dirk Czarnitzki, S. Ransch and R. Schüssler (2000), Forschung, Entwicklung und Innovation in produktionsnahen Dienstleistungsbereichen. Impulse für die ostdeutsche Industrie und Perspektiven, ZEW-Dokumentation No. 00-01, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and Kornelius Kraft (2000), An Empirical Test of the Asymmetric Models on Innovative-Activity: Who Invests More into R&D - the Incumbent or the Challenger?, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 00-10, Mannheim. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk and G. Stadtmann (1999), Uncertainty of Outcome Versus Reputation: Empirical Evidence for the First German Football Division, ZEW Discussion Paper No. 99-46, Mannheim. Download
Expertises
Makarow, Marja, Georg Licht, Isabel Caetano, Dirk Czarnitzki and Sirin Elçi (2014), Final Evaluation of the Eurostars Joint Programme, European Commission, DG Research and Innovation, Brussels. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Cindy Lopes-Bento and Thorsten Doherr (2011), Counterfactual Impact Evaluation of Cohesion Policy. Examples from Support to Innovation and Research, European Commission, DG Regional Policy, Leuven. Download
Czarnitzki, Dirk, Andreas Fier, Oliver Heneric, Katrin Hussinger, Georg Licht, Elisabeth Müller and Wolfgang Sofka (2004), European competitiveness report 2004, European Commission, Brussels. Download
Projects
Finished Projects
- Project Duration 01.10.2007 - 30.06.2009The Impact of Mergers on Innovation in the Relevant Market
- Project Duration 01.05.2004 - 31.12.2006Innovation Activities and Firm Performance
- Project Duration 01.01.2004 - 31.10.2004European Productivity, Innovation and Public Sector R&D
- Project Duration 01.01.2004 - 31.12.2004Comparing the Market Valuation of Innovative Assets in U.S. and German Firms
- Project Duration 01.04.2002 - 01.10.2002Forecasting Model for Supporting Products
- Project Duration 01.11.2001 - 31.07.2003Possible applications of new quantitative methods for impact analyses of public research subsidies
- Project Duration 01.11.2001 - 31.07.2002Public Promotion of Innovation Activities by Firms in Germany
- Project Duration 01.08.2001 - 30.09.2003Progress Report on East Germany’s Economic Research Institutes and Economic Development
- Project Duration 15.09.2000 - 15.11.2000German Internet Technology Stock Markets: Stock-taking, Functionality, Alternatives
- Project Duration 01.11.1999 - 31.01.2001Creation of an instrument to forecast middle-term demand for automobiles in Europe
- Project Duration 01.06.1999 - 31.07.2000Knowledge and Technology Transfer in Germany - Current State and Recommendations for Technology Policy
- Project Duration 01.01.1999 - 31.07.2001Innovation-related Knowledge Flows in European Industry: Extent, Mechanisms, Implications
- Project Duration 01.07.1998 - 31.08.1999Research, Development and Innovation in production-related services - Impulses for East German Industry and Perspectives
Function
Research Associate
Phone: +49 (0)621 1235-194
Fax: +49 (0)621 1235-170
