We study how public school teachers use paid sick leave. Most U.S. sick leave schemes operate as individualized credit accounts – paid leave is earned and unused leave accumulates, producing an employee-specific…
Many countries limit how long a worker may be kept on a temporary contract, yet little is known about how firms and workers respond when this maximum duration is tightened. Does a shorter cap simply displace…
We revisit the employer size wage effect (ESWE)—arguably the most basic and influential departure from the law of one price for labor. Our main result is that this canonical fact disappears completely across…
After the end of the Cold War, the U.S. withdrew approximately 200,000 soldiers from Germany within a few years. A joint study by the ZEW in Mannheim and the University of Cologne shows that this had significant…
Private university campuses can measurably boost the regional economy: A joint analysis by ZEW Mannheim and the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI shows that startups originating on…
The digital transformation is fundamentally changing business and government. It creates new opportunities for innovation and productivity, while also requiring reliable investment, clear rules and effective…
