1. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-031 // 2025

    A KISS for Central Bank Communication in Times of High Inflation

    During the post-pandemic inflation surge, many central banks actively used communication about the inflation outlook as a policy tool to limit spillovers from realized to expected inflation. We present novel…

  2. Discussion and Working Paper // 2025

    Child Penalty Estimation and Mothers' Age at First Birth

    We show that the widespread approach to estimate the career costs of motherhood -- so-called “child penalties” -- is prone to produce biased results, as it pools first-time mothers of all ages without accounting…

  3. ZEW Documentation No. 25-01 // 2025

    Dokumentation zur Innovationserhebung 2024 - Wirtschaftliche Nutzung von Daten in Unternehmen

    Das Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW) erhebt seit 1993 jährlich die Innovationsaktivitäten der deutschen Wirtschaft. Die Erhebung findet im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Bildung…

  4. ZEW policy brief No. 25-05 // 2025

    Solar Installations in Private Homes: Upfront Subsidies Preferable to Feed-In Tariffs

    For investors, the decision to install photovoltaic (PV) systems largely depends on whether the investment proves worthwhile. Subsidies play an important role in this context. Currently, the German subsidy…

  5. Expertises // 2025

    Tax Incentives and Investments in the EU - Best practices and ways to stimulate private investments and prevent harmful tax practices

    This study evaluates the effectiveness of tax incentives, with a particular focus on incentives for research and development (R&D). It analyses different design options for tax incentives and shows that…

  6. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-029 // 2025

    Patents, Trade Secrets and Performance Aspirations in Family Firms

    We investigate whether family ownership is associated with a preference for patents or trade secrets. Using a sample of S&P 500 firms, we show that family ownership is negatively associated with patenting and…

  7. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-028 // 2025

    Do China’s Special Economic Zones Increase Incentives to Invest in R&D?

    China’s special economic zones (SEZs) have been established to foster business growth and innovation by improving the institutional context of specific sub-regional areas. We examine the effect of SEZs on the…

  8. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-027 // 2025

    The Effect of Airbnb on Housing Prices: Evidence from the 2017 Solar Eclipse

    This study estimates the causal impact of Airbnb expansion on local housing prices by exploiting the 2017 total solar eclipse as a natural experiment. The eclipse’s path of totality created a exogenous temporary…

  9. Discussion and Working Paper // 2025

    Zentralbankkommunikation gemäß KISS-Strategie kann Inflationserwartungen senken

    Um auf die sprunghaft gestiegenen Inflationsraten nach der Pandemie besser reagieren zu können, haben Zentralbanken als zusätzliches geldpolitisches Instrument verstärkt die Kommunikation über den…

  10. ZEW Monthly // 2025

    05/2025 – Young Companies

    Young companies represent change, growth and innovation – and this makes them a central pillar in the future of a country’s economy. However, entrepreneurial dynamics in Germany have slowed for years. At the…

  11. Refereed Journal // 2025

    Social class origin and entrepreneurship: An integrative review and research agenda

    Entrepreneurship research is increasingly examining how social class origin shapes entrepreneurial pathways. This growing body of work highlights the enduring advantages and disadvantages entrepreneurs face…

  12. Discussion and Working Paper // 2025

    The Effect of Airbnb on Housing Prices: Evidence from the 2017 Solar Eclipse

    This study estimates the causal impact of Airbnb expansion on local housing prices by exploiting the 2017 total solar eclipse as a natural experiment. The eclipse’s path of totality created a exogenous temporary…