1. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 24-074 // 2024

    R&D Grants and R&D Tax Credits in Belgium: Evidence on the Policy Mix

    Drawing on a longitudinal database of Belgian firms over the years 2014-2020, this study investigates the joint effect of R&D grants and R&D tax credits on R&D inputs and innovation outputs. We estimate…

  2. Refereed Journal // 2024

    Analyse der Einkommens- und Beschäftigungswirkungen einer Einführung des CDU-Konzepts der „Aktiv-Rente“

    Im September 2023 stellte die CDU das Konzept der „Aktiv-Rente“ vor. Die Idee dahinter ist, den Arbeitsverdienst von Rentnerinnen und Rentnern, die neben dem Bezug einer gesetzlichen Rente eine bezahlte…

  3. Refereed Journal // 2024

    Cut Off from New Competition: Threat of Entry and Quality of Primary Care

    We study how the threat of entry affects service quantity and quality of general practitioners (GPs). We leverage Germany’s needs-based primary care planning system, in which the likelihood of new GPs reduces by…

  4. Non-Refereed Journal // 2024

    Ökonomische Aspekte der Kindergrundsicherung

    Towards the end of 2023, the German Federal Government introduced the Kindergrundsicherung (basic child benefits) into the legislative process. This short article addresses some economic aspects of the reform.…

  5. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 24-076 // 2024

    Access, Achievements, and Aspirations: The Impacts of School Tracking on Student Outcomes

    Though the use of tracking policies to stratify students is commonplace, evidence concerning the effects of ability-based tracking on student performance is mixed. Using rich data from the Hungarian secondary…

  6. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 24-075 // 2024

    Energy Price Shocks and Short- Time Reactions of Firms: The Case of the German Energy Crisis in 2022

    After the beginning of the war in Ukraine, energy prices in Germany increased drastically. The paper analyses responses of German firms to this energy price shock. A variety of measures and reactions at the…

  7. Discussion and Working Paper // 2024

    Leveling the Playing Field? A Qualitative and Quantitative Examination of the EU Directive on Public Country-by-Country Reporting

    The recent enactment of Directive 2021/2101 by the EU introduces a public Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR) regime, with the aim of promoting a level playing field for businesses operating within the EU Single…

  8. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 24-072 // 2024

    Which Start-Ups Win Public Procurement Tenders?

    We explore which start-ups win in public procurement. Most notably, our analysis presents significant differences between firms applying for tenders with and without functional criteria. First, we use…