1. ZEW Monthly // 2025

    10/2025 – Thinking Ecology

    Sustainability does not end with ecological goals – it reaches deep into social and economic processes. However, when objectives are in conflict, tensions arise: Improved occupational safety may increase…

  2. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-056 // 2025

    Holy Days, Lost Days?

    Do public holidays affect economic output? In Germany, strict Sunday trading restrictions create a natural experiment. When public holidays fall on Sundays, they typicallydo not impose additional constraints on…

  3. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-054 // 2025

    The Demand for Economic Narratives

    Economic narratives are pervasive in the public discourse and can shape individual behavior. But so far we know very little about whether households actually demand and value narratives as information. We…

  4. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-053 // 2025

    OECD Pillar Two Compliance Costs: A Quantitative Assessment for EU-Headquartered Groups

    This study examines the compliance costs of OECD Pillar Two, i.e., the “Global Minimum Tax,” for multinational enterprises headquartered in the European Union. Collecting data from chief financial officers and…

  5. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-055 // 2025

    The Anatomy of U.S. Sick Leave Schemes: Evidence From Public School Teachers

    We study how public school teachers use paid sick leave. Most US sick leave schemes operate as individualized credit accounts: Paid leave is earned, and unused leave accumulates. We construct a unique dataset of…

  6. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 25-049 // 2025

    Human Capital, Unequal Opportunities and Productivity Convergence: A Global Historical Perspective, 1800–2100

    This paper constructs a new global historical database on public expenditure and revenue and their components—particularly education and health expenditure—covering all world regions over the 1800-2025 period.…

  7. ZEW-Finanzmarktreport // 2025

    Oktober 2025

    • Hoffnung auf Aufschwung bleibt intakt, Lage verschlechtert sich weiter
    • Eurozone: Konjunkturstimmung bleibt weitgehend stabil
    • USA: Lageindikator im Plus; Erwartungen aufgehellt, Zinserwartungen steigen
    • China:…