1. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 24-056 // 2024

    Trade in Services and Innovation

    We study the implications of services trade for firm innovation. Using a quasi-experimental shift-share design, we find that access to foreign knowledge-related services improves the innovativeness of domestic…

  2. Refereed Journal // 2024

    R&D policy instrument mix sequencing: Evaluating the impact of receiving R&D grants and R&D tax credits over time on firm-level R&D

    The R&D policy instrument mix concept has become increasingly important for understanding how public R&D support drives firm-level R&D. To-date, empirical studies have conceptualised the R&D policy instrument…

  3. Refereed Journal // 2024

    XAI in geographic analysis of innovation: Evaluating proximity factors in the innovation networks of Chinese technology companies through web-based data

    This research explores the nonlinear interactions among multidimensional proximities, including geographical, cognitive, organizational, institutional, social, and technological aspects, and their impact on…

  4. ZEW policy brief No. 24-13 // 2024

    Towards a More Realistic View on the Market Potential of EU Securitizations

    Ongoing global trends like climate change require firms to invest in projects that support their transformation. In order to unlock the huge sums of private capital necessary for these investments, the…

  5. Non-Refereed Journal // 2024

    AI in Europe – Is Regulation the Answer to Being a Laggard?

    AI is characterized by the features of a general purpose technology and thus has the potential to spur innovation and productivity across sectors. While large digital U.S. companies are dominant players in the…

  6. Refereed Journal // 2024

    Public R&D Investment in Economic Crises

    We study the cyclicality of public R&D in 29 OECD countries over the period 1995 to 2019. Public R&D is procyclical on average, and mostly driven by adjustments in
    public R&D aimed at the government and higher…

  7. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 24-053 // 2024

    Big Data and Firm-Level Productivity – A Cross-Country Comparison

    Until today, the question of how digitalisation and, in particular, individual digital technologies affect productivity is still the subject of controversial debate. Using administrative firm-level data provided…

  8. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 24-054 // 2024

    Nudging for Tax Compliance: A Meta-Analysis

    Governments increasingly use nudges to improve tax collection. We synthesize the growing literature that evaluates nudging experiments using meta-analytical methods. We find that simple reminders increase the…

  9. ZEW Discussion Paper No. 24-052 // 2024

    Early Life Conditions, Time Preferences, and Savings

    This study examines how early-life exposure to food scarcity influences individuals’ long-term time preferences and savings behavior. To this end, we analyze hand-collected historical data on livestock…