This study assessed often used educational indicators and critically discussed its content and limitations for international comparison reasons from an interdisciplinary and an economic point of view. The set of indicators include secondary and tertiary education, competences of students (PISA) and adults (PIAAC) and social effects of education. The scientific report contains in the first two chapters a summary of talks, discussions and reflections in the scientific workshop “Educational Indicators in an International Perspective” at the BMBF in Berlin on May 21, 2015. In the workshop experts from economics and sociology critically discussed its construction and limitations for educational research. Chapter three to ten contains a critical analysis of four widespread OECD indicators from a scientific point of view.